Everything about Cork Tissue totally explained
Cork cambium is a
tissue found in many vascular plants as part of the
periderm. The cork cambium is a lateral meristem and is responsible for secondary growth that replaces the
epidermis in roots and stems. It is found in woody and many herbaceous
dicots,
gymnosperms and some
monocots, which usually lack secondary growth.
Cork cambium is one of the plant's
meristems - the series of tissues consisting of embryonic (incompletely differentiated) cells from which the plant grows. It is one of the many layers of
bark, between the cork and primary
phloem. The function of cork cambium is to produce the
cork, a tough protective material.
Synonyms for cork cambium are
bark cambium,
pericambium or
phellogen. Phellogen is defined as the meristematic cell layer responsible for the development of the periderm. Cells that grow inwards from the phellogen are termed
phelloderm, and cells that develops outwards are termed
phellem or cork (note similarity with vascular cambium). The periderm thus consists of three different layers:
- phelloderm,
- phellogen (cork cambium) and
- phellem.
Growth and development of cork cambium is very variable between different species, and also highly dependent on age, growth conditions etc. as can be observed from the different surfaces of bark; smooth, fissured, tesselated, scaly, flaking off, etc.
Economic importance
Commercial cork is derived from the bark of the cork oak (Quercus suber). Cork has many uses including wine bottle stoppers, bulletin boards, coasters, hot pads to protect tables from hot pans, insulation, sealing for lids, flooring, gaskets for engines, fishing bobbers, handles for fishing rods and tennis rackets, etc.
Many types of bark are used as mulch.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Cork Tissue'.
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